Electroencephalography (EEG). In this procedure, disc electrodes are applied to the scalp. Performed by specially trained technologists, the electrical activity (brain waves) is collected for 30-45 minutes, amplified, and displayed on a computer monitor. By analyzing patterns of brain waves, the neurologist can detect different types of epilepsy and other brain abnormalities.

Ambulatory Electroencephalography (AEEG). The electrodes are connected to a small portable device, which stores the data for later interpretation. The patient goes home wearing the electrodes for 24-48 hours. When the patient returns to the office, the technologist downloads the test information and the neurologist interprets the EEG patterns. This test is particularly valuable for a patient who suffers from loss of consciousness or seizures when the routine EEG does not yield enough information to make a correct diagnosis.

Electromyography (EMG). This test assesses the performance of the peripheral nerves. One of our specially trained neurologists applies tolerable electrical stimulation to different nerves and evaluates the responses. The muscle activity is then measured by inserting a thin needle electrode. This test is used to help diagnose conditions affecting nerves and muscles, including neuropathy and pinched nerves (e.g., carpal tunnel syndrome).

Skin Punch Biopsy. Under local anesthesia, the neurologist removes a tiny skin sample with a pencil-like device. The tissue specimen is sent to the laboratory for microscopic studies of the small nerve fibers. This is valuable in cases where a neuropathy is suspected but the EMG is normal.

Botox Injections. A small amount of a chemical substance, botulinum toxin, the same used for smoothing out wrinkles, is mixed with a saline solution and injected to block abnormal muscle contractions. This is used for various neurological disorders that produce muscle spasticity, which can occur after a stroke, as well as certain types of headaches. The effects of the injections can last for months.

Carotid Duplex Studies. Ultrasound is used to detect narrowing of the carotid arteries in the neck, which may be a risk factor for stroke.